JavaScript实现数组全排列代码

JavaScript实现数组全排列代码，这段JS代码演示了对数组[1,2,3]进行全排列输出

从n个不同元素中任取m（m≤n）个元素，按照一定的顺序排列起来，叫做从n个不同元素中取出m个元素的一个排列。当m=n时所有的排列情况叫全排列。

/*
  Permutate the elements in the specified array by swapping them
  in-place and calling the specified callback function on the array
  for each permutation.

  Return the number of permutations.

  If array is undefined, null or empty, return 0.

  NOTE: when permutation succeeds, the array should be in the original state
  on exit!

  code from http://www.75271.com/codes/
*/
  function permutate(array, callback) {
    // Do the actual permuation work on array[], starting at index
    function p(array, index, callback) {
      // Swap elements i1 and i2 in array a[]
      function swap(a, i1, i2) {
        var t = a[i1];
        a[i1] = a[i2];
        a[i2] = t;
      }

      if (index == array.length - 1) {
        callback(array);
        return 1;
      } else {
        var count = p(array, index + 1, callback);
        for (var i = index + 1; i < array.length; i++) {
          swap(array, i, index);
          count += p(array, index + 1, callback);
          swap(array, i, index);
        }
        return count;
      }
    }

    if (!array || array.length == 0) {
      return 0;
    }
    return p(array, 0, callback);
  }

调用方法：

 // Empty array to hold results
  var result = [];
  // Permutate [1, 2, 3], pushing every permutation onto result[]
  permutate([1, 2, 3], function (a) {
    // Create a copy of a[] and add that to result[]
    result.push(a.slice(0));
  });
  // Show result[]
  document.write(result);

75271.com提供的这段代码用于对[1,2,3]进行全排列输出，输出结果如下：

[[1,2,3],[1,3,2],[2,1,3],[2,3,1],[3,2,1],[3,1,2]]